Проект Шайдуровой Екатерины
The
attraction’s history is a rich and fascinating one, with roots dating back to
the Paris of 1770. It was here that Madame Tussaud learnt to model wax
likenesses under the tutelage of her mentor, Dr Philippe Curtius. At the age of
17, she became art tutor to King Louis XVI’s sister at the Palace Of Versailles
and then, during the French Revolution, was hastily forced to prove her to the
feudalistic nobles by making the death masks of executed aristocrats.
Madame Tussaud came to Britain in the early 19th century alongside a
travelling exhibition of revolutionary relics and effigies of public heroes and
rogues.
At a time when news was communicated largely by word of mouth, Madame
Tussauds’ exhibition was a kind of travelling newspaper, providing insight into
global events and bringing the ordinary public face-to-face with the people in
the headlines.
Priceless artefacts from the French Revolution and Napoleonic Wars brought to vividly life events in Europe which had a direct bearing on everyday lives.
Figures of leading statesmen and, in the Chamber of Horrors, notorious
villains put faces to the names on everyone’s lips and captured the public
imagination.
She brought with her both her uncle's main exhibition of notables and
his sideshow, later dubbed the Chamber of Horrors, which showcased the
casualties of the revolution. Her wax figures were a success in London, such
that Tussaud took them on a travelling exhibition which wandered the isles for
some thirty years until finding a permanent London home in Baker Street in
1833. In 1842 she sculpted the self-portrait that faces tourists as they enter
the museum.
It was from Curtius's exhibition that the mob obtained the busts of
Jacques Necker and the Duke of Orleans that were carried by the procession when
on 12 July 1789 the first blood of the French Revolution was shed. Marie was
imprisoned for three months in 1793, on account of her Versailles connection.
As the guillotine perpetrated its bloody work, she was compelled to produce death
masks from the decapitated heads -- often those of her former acquaintances at
the court, and later those of the revolutionaries Jacques René Hébert, Georges
Jacques Danton, Robespierre, and Jean-Paul Marat.
Cловарик:
Madame
Tussaud
Madame Tussaud was born Marie Grosholtz in Strasbourg, France. Her
father having died in the Seven Years War two months before her birth, Marie
was raised by her uncle, Philippe Curtius, a doctor in Berne, for whom her
mother was housekeeper. Curtius had attracted the attention of the Prince de
Conti with his beautiful anatomical wax models, and in 1776 was induced to move
to Paris, abandon his profession, and practice wax modelling as a fine art. His
house became the broughtof many of the talented men of the day, and here he
brought his niece at the age of six, teaching her to model in wax.
The
attraction’s history is a rich and fascinating one, with roots dating back to
the Paris of 1770. It was here that Madame Tussaud learnt to model wax
likenesses under the tutelage of her mentor, Dr Philippe Curtius. At the age of
17, she became art tutor to King Louis XVI’s sister at the Palace Of Versailles
and then, during the French Revolution, was hastily forced to prove her to the
feudalistic nobles by making the death masks of executed aristocrats.
Priceless artefacts from the French Revolution and Napoleonic Wars brought to vividly life events in Europe which had a direct bearing on everyday lives.
There was also the Special Room devoted to murderers and bloodshed,
which from 1846 became the Chamber of Horrors.
In 1835, Madame Tussauds’ exhibition established a permanent base in
London as the Baker Street Bazaar - visitors paid ‘sixpence’ for the chance to
meet the biggest names of the day. The attraction moved to its present site in
Marylebone Road come 1884.
In 1794, Marie's uncle died and bequeathed to
her his collection of wax models. The following year she married François
Tussaud, an engineer, and secured permission from Napoleon Bonaparte to leave
France for England.
She brought with her both her uncle's main exhibition of notables and
his sideshow, later dubbed the Chamber of Horrors, which showcased the
casualties of the revolution. Her wax figures were a success in London, such
that Tussaud took them on a travelling exhibition which wandered the isles for
some thirty years until finding a permanent London home in Baker Street in
1833. In 1842 she sculpted the self-portrait that faces tourists as they enter
the museum.
Madame Tussaud died on 16 April 1850. She was succeeded by her son
Francis Tussaud, he by his son Joseph, and he again by his son John Theodore
Tussaud (b. 1859). The exhibition was moved in 1884 to a large building in
Marylebone Road. In 1925 the museum was ravaged by fire, destroying many of the
models, but the molds were undamaged allowing them to be remade.
Cловарик:
Raised-поднятый
Housekeeper-экономка
Attracted-привлекаемый
Abandon-отказываться от
Brought-принес
Rich-богатые
Hastily-торопливо
Forced-принудительный
Prove-доказывать
Feudalistic-феодальный
Alongside-рядом
Effigies-чучела
Rogues-жуликов
Newspaper-газета
face-to-face-лицомклицу
vividly-живо
direct-направлять
murderers-убийцы
bloodshed-кровопролитие
established-установленный
bequeathed-завещала
permission-разрешение
sideshow-интермедия
showcased-продемонстрированы
casualties-жертвы
self-portrait-автопортрет
decapitated-обезглавлена
acquaintances-знакомые
decapitated-обезглавлена
undamaged-неповрежденный
remade-переделанный
Источники:
6.http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2ETvEndLkPs&feature=fvst
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